What the endorsement says
A cosmetic damage exclusion typically states that the policy does not cover marring, denting, or other appearance-only impacts to roof surfaces or metal components where the item still performs its function. On a standing-seam metal roof, a field of dents can be entirely cosmetic under that definition.
On asphalt shingles the line is different. A hail hit that fractures the fiberglass mat or displaces granules down to the mat is functional damage: it exposes the asphalt to UV and shortens the roof's life measurably. That is not cosmetic, and it should be paid.
How to check whether you have one
Look at the endorsement schedule on your declarations page. The form title usually contains 'cosmetic' or 'limited hail and wind coverage for roof surfacing'. If you can't find it, email your agent and ask directly: 'Does my policy contain a cosmetic damage exclusion or a roof payment schedule?' Keep the reply.
Fighting a cosmetic denial
The counter-argument is functional damage, documented. We chalk and photograph mat fractures, measure granule loss, and photograph collateral evidence — dented gutter aprons, bruised vents, damaged screens and window wraps — that establishes the size and energy of the hail. That record is what turns a cosmetic denial into a paid claim.